182
Informaciones
Psiquiátricas
2015 - n.º 220
frido varios episodios de delírium presentan
una mayor alteración cognitiva y funcional
residual. Los pacientes con Síndrome Confu-
sional Agudo presentan ya a los 12 meses,
alteraciones cognitivas en determinadasca-
pacidades cognitivas y habilidades funcio-
nales.
Palabras clave:
Delirium; Síndrome Confu-
sional Agudo; Demencia; Deterioro Cogniti-
vo; Valoración Cognitiva y funcional; Resi-
dencia de ancianos.
Abstract
Cognitive Functions, Functional abilities
and Delírim
Objectives:
in the present work we shall
study the evolution of a group of people who
during the last four years have suffered se-
veral episodes of delirium. A study has been
conducted to analyse the mental, functional
and emotional factors after 12, 24 and 36
months of suffering deliriums. Studies have
also been made to analyse which type of
functional and mental factors are the most
sensible to be effected. Results are compared
with a group of patients who have never su-
ffered a delirium or in a lower number.
Method:
a study of ederly people aged
over 65 years institutionalised in nursing ho-
mes in Barcelona. The study was formed by
10 patients who have presented deliriums
in the last 4 years and patients control also
including 10 patients. The two groups of pa-
tients were similar in age, sex, education and
amount of medication taken and cognitive,
functional and emotional factors were taken
in consideration. To analizen the functional
and mental evolution varios instruments of
screening used in nursery homes were applied
the Lobo Mini Exam (MEC), Scale of Pfeiffer
(SPMSQ) , Glogal dementia staging (GDS). For
the valuation of the functional condition and
the disability grade the Indice de Barthel was
used. The scale of Depression Yesavage was
also used to accomplish the depression scree-
ning. The delirium diagnostic was performed
by the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM).
Results:
the general results suggest that
there are significant differences between the
2 groups of patients wich various screening
instruments after 24 months, and the defini-
te results indicate significant differences in
some cognitive subscale and functional from
12 months onwards.
Conclusions:
patients who have suffe-
red several episodes of deliriums presented
a greater cognitive and functional residual
change. Patients whith acute confusion at
12 months presented cognitive changes in
certain cognitives abilities and functions.
Key words:
Delirium; Acute Confusional Sta-
te; Dementia; Cognitive impairment; Cogni-
tive and functional assessment; Nursing ho-
mes.
Introducción
A lo largo del tiempo se han usado dife-
rentes términos para referirse al concepto de
delírium. Se ha denominado encefalopatía
tóxica o metabólica, síndrome cerebral orgá-
nico o agudo, psicosis tóxica, exógena o sin-
tomática, síndrome confusional agudo, etc.
En las últimas décadas, se ha considerado el
término
delírium
como el más adecuado ya
que está mejor definido y aceptado en la cla-
sificación de los trastornos mentales
1
.
Se entiende por delírium al síndrome que
se caracteriza por la existencia de diversas
manifestaciones clínicas concurrentes y muy
Cristina Mayugo Beagle
