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Informaciones
Psiquiátricas
2019 - n.º
236
E. González-Pablos / J.A. López-Villalobos / J.M. Valles-de la Calle / P. Paulino-Matos / F.J. García-Sánchez /
N. Miguel de Diego / I. Esquer-Terrazas / C. Martín-Lorenzo
Resultados:
El 78.8% de los pacientes estudiados toma
antipsicóticos, de los que el 52.4% toma uno
y el 47.6% toma dos o más. El 54% fueron
tratados con antipsicóticos de 2ª generación.
El nivel medio de prolactina fue en monote-
rapia de 38.9 ng/ml y en politerapia de 49.4
ng/ml; antipsicóticos de 2ªgeneración: 44.6
ng/ml, antipsicóticos de 1ª generación: 43.1
ng/ml. Además, el 63.8% toma benzodiace-
pinas y el 58.8% antiepilépticos.
Existen diferencias significativas en el nivel
medio de prolactina y consumo de antipsicó-
ticos y benzodiacepinas, pero no con los di-
ferentes tipos de antipsicóticos, o con tomar
uno o más, o con cada uno de los distintos
fármacos.
Realizada una regresión logística para prede-
cir niveles de prolactina elevados, las benzo-
diacepinas presentan una razón de odds 3.02
y tomar antipsicóticos una razón de odds de
12.70.
Conclusiones:
El nivel de prolactina elevado está asociado
a la toma de antipsicóticos y de benzodiace-
pinas. La toma de antipsicóticos predice una
posibilidad de elevar la prolactina de 12.7
veces, que el no tomarlos, y la toma de ben-
zodiacepinas de 3.02 veces superior.
Palabras clave:
Prolactina elevada, Discapa-
cidad Intelectual, Alteración de la Conducta,
Psicofármacos.
Abstract
HYPERPROLACTINEMIA INDUCED BY PSYCHO-
TROPIC DRUGS IN PEOPLE WITH INTELLEC-
TUAL DISABILITY LOCATED IN A RESIDEN-
TIAL CENTRE
Introduction:
In people with Intellectual Disability (ID)
who exhibit behavior disorders, the use of
psychoactive drugs is frequent. These me-
dications can cause side effects. Thus, the
elevation of prolactin is frequently associa-
ted with the use of antipsychotics and can
generate clinical problems.
Objective:
To know the level of prolactin in a group
of people with ID and behavior alteration
who take psychotropic drugs. Acknowledge
the relation with different variables: type of
drug, gender, age, degree of intellectual di-
sability and comorbid psychiatric diagnoses.
Population:
80 people with intellectual disabilities and
behavior disorders located in a residential
centre. Average age 50 years.53 women, 27
men. 38.8% have moderate ID, 33.8% mild,
25% severe and 2.5% unspecified.
Method:
Analytical test to determine prolactin serum
levels. Pharmacological treatment of each
patient. Study significant differences bet-
ween prolactin level and sex, age, degree
of ID, concurrent psychiatric diagnoses, and
different drugs.
Results:
78.8% of patients studied take antipsycho-
tics, of which 52.4% take one and 47.6%
take two or more. 54% were treated with 2nd
generation antipsychotics. The mean level of
prolactin was of 38.9 ng/ml in monotherapy
and of 49.4 ng/ml in polytherapy; 2nd ge-
neration antipsychotics: 44.6 ng / ml, 1st