50 Informaciones Psiquiátricas 2025 - nº 259 of relationship, e.g. a romantic relationship. Meanwhile, the association between body image, eating disorders, materialism, envy, narcissism and publishing group selfies in social settings (generally via the Internet), which are excessively focused on appearance, is a reality (28,29). In Portuguese university students, widespread problematic Internet use has been specifically linked to psychological distress (30). Similar to the aforementioned fads is socalled love bombing, a widespread concept from the last century that originated in the Unification Church in the US as an indoctrination strategy or a technique for subtly manipulating vulnerable people. Nowadays, in particular, many social network users may fall victim to emotional or affective scams. Victims of romance scams tend to be middleaged, well-educated women with high levels of neuroticism, sensation-seeking and impulsivity, among other personality traits (31,32). The European Society for Sexual Medicine believes that the use of information and communication technologies with respect to sexual health can provide opportunities for the improvement of sexual health in the general population (33). Women who are highly vulnerable in terms of sexual health report more abortions, sexually transmitted infections, functional problems and sexual coercion than other women (34). On the other hand, misperceiving a woman’s interest as explicitly sexual has been implicated in the process of sexual negotiation leading to coercion (35). Sexual coercion in certain male chimpanzees is an important component of mating strategies (36). In a recent study, approximately 25% of male participants reported to use or support coercive sexual tactics (37). Culturally accepted practices often make it difficult for young women to negotiate their interpersonal sexual safety, putting it at risk (38). Psychopathology and seduction Using terminology from the World Health Organisation’s International Classification of Diseases, ICD-11 (39), one would expect unhealthy seductive activity to occur more frequently: 1. In adults with a persistent pattern of inability to control intense and repetitive sexual urges or, more generally, inability to control repetitive body-centred behaviours; 2. In those suffering from a personality disorder or prominent and persistent related traits; 3. In subjects with paranoid ideation, as a symptom or sign related to thought content; 4. In children experiencing either reactive attachment disorder or disinhibited social engagement disorder, both of which are part of the disorders specifically associated with stress. Of course, in either case, the seductive hyperactivity that manifests may be clinically relevant or, more often, subclinical. Hysteria is one of the oldest and best known clinical terms. A patient affected by the former ICD-10 (40) histrionic personality disorder will use his or her physical apJosé Manuel Bertolín-Guillén
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